Swiss researchers conducted a comparative analysis of national policies in France, Italy, and Spain on integrating biodiversity into renewable energy planning and ecological impact monitoring under the European Green Deal framework. France and Spain have more advanced frameworks, with Spain prioritizing renewable energy projects in low environmental value areas and France leading in national coordination with specialized observatories. Italy remains regionally fragmented with gaps in cumulative impact assessment, depending on regional authorities for environmental integration of renewable energy. The study highlights the challenges and progress in aligning energy, environmental, and spatial planning policies for successful renewable deployment, emphasizing the need for assessing indirect, cumulative, and long-term effects on habitats and species.